The decision to place a relative or friend in a nursing home is one of the most important yet difficult decisions a caregiver has to face.  The goal of a nursing home is to help people care for themselves and to assist them in returning home as appropriate.  Choosing a nursing home depends on the needs of the individual.  Knowledge is an important tool in making the right decision.  Don't be afraid to ask questions.

When visiting a facility, talk with staff from various departments: nursing, dietary, social services, activities and administration.   Talk with residents and their families and listen to their impressions and experiences with the facility.  Involve the prospective resident with visiting and choosing the facility as their situation allows.

Tour several facilities.  This is a critical step in the process and gives you a chance to do some "comparison shopping."  Make an appointment with the social services director or other staff person who handles admissions.  You might also make a later, unannounced visit at a different time of day.

Let your senses guide you during your visit.  If something doesn't seem right, it probably isn't.  Your senses can help you question things like are there unpleasant smells?  Is the noise level unusually loud?  Are the residents well groomed, dressed in day clothes, and out of bed?  Are residents actively participating in activities?  Does the facility "feel" warm or impersonal?  Does the facility look clean?  Does the staff greet you and appear friendly?

While an attractive lobby and pleasing furnishings may make a good first impression during your tour, it is important to consider the overall "feel" of the facility.  Don't discount those facilities that aren't the "prettiest".

Pick up a copy of the facility's Admissions Agreement.  Read it carefully and mark any areas you don't understand or are concerned with.  Then, ask the social services director or administrator to explain or clarify these points. Ask for a copy of the Nursing Home Residents' Bill of Rights and familiarize yourself with it. 

Today, nursing facilities are safer and better managed than ever before.  This is due in part to improved regulation and inspection.  Unfortunately, some facilities still do not meet the legal standards set by a state.  Still more might not meet your own minimal standards for a comfortable living arrangement.  Therefore, it is important to choose carefully and continue to periodically monitor the care of your loved one(s) over time.